The National Council for Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) has developed the following set of standards and expectations for the PreK to Grade 2 level. The standards are broken down into six content areas (listed below) and outline appropriate expectations for young children. Refer to the NCTM website for the full outline of the standards, benchmarks, and expectations.
Number and Operations
- N1: Understand numbers, ways of representing numbers, relationships among numbers, and number systems
- N2: Understand meanings of operations and how they relate to one another
- N3: Compute fluently and make reasonable estimates
Algebra
- A1: Understand patterns, relations, and functions
- A2: Represent and analyze mathematical situations and structures using algebraic symbols
- A3: Use mathematical models to represent and understand quantitative relationships
- A4: Analyze change in various contexts
Geometry
- G1: Analyze characteristics and properties of two- and three-dimensional shapes and develop mathematical arguments about geometric relationships
- G2: Specify locations and describe spatial relationships using coordinate geometry and other representational systems
- G3: Apply transformations and use symmetry to analyze mathematical situations
- G4: Use vizualization, spatial reasoning, and geometric modeling to solve problems
Measurement
- M1: Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement
- M2: Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements
Data Analysis and Probability
- D1: Formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect, organize, and display relevant data to answer them
- D2: Select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data
- D3: Develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data
- D4: Understand and apply the basic concepts of probability